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Author Topic: Is digital IMAX 2K – or a bit more?
Antti Nayha
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From: Helsinki, Finland
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 - posted 01-30-2012 08:41 AM      Profile for Antti Nayha   Email Antti Nayha   Send New Private Message       Edit/Delete Post 
(Edit: sorry, wrong forum. Admins, please feel free to move this to Digital Cinema.)

There’s some conflicting information going around about the resolution of dual-projector digital IMAX, aka. LieMAX. Let’s clear this up once and for all, shall we?

As we all know, the fact is that they’re currently using two 2K projectors with overlapping images. But already back in 2009 or 2010, I read somewhere that the two projectors are actually not aligned at exactly the same position, but the pixel grids have a difference of exactly half a pixel (can’t find the source now, of course).

So with a setup like that and a 4K source, you could theoretically extract two slightly different 2K images for each projector and achieve a resolution higher than 2K. Think of it as a modern version of interlaced video. Although I still can’t imagine how the alignment could ever be made perfect enough for this to actually work.

Now, I noticed that at least M:I4 was distributed to digital IMAX venues as a 4K DCP, which would only make sense if the above is true.

Then again, some people are claiming that the two projectors are aligned at exactly the same point, pixel by pixel, both projecting the exact same 2K image. I think someone who works at an IMAX theatre even said this on this forum a while ago…?

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Bobby Henderson
"Ask me about Trajan."

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 - posted 01-30-2012 06:11 PM      Profile for Bobby Henderson   Email Bobby Henderson   Send New Private Message       Edit/Delete Post 
The two IMAX projectors in standard 2D mode show the same image slightly overlapped on each other to increase brightness for large screen use and do more to hide the visible pixel grid. The movie file being fed to the projectors has 2K native resolution.

4K has quadruple the pixel count of a 2K image. So the idea of giving a pair of 2K projectors slightly different image data each would in the end only yield have the native resolution of a 4K image.

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Antti Nayha
Master Film Handler

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From: Helsinki, Finland
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 - posted 01-31-2012 05:13 PM      Profile for Antti Nayha   Email Antti Nayha   Send New Private Message       Edit/Delete Post 
Yeah, I didn’t mean to imply that 2 x 2K would somehow equal 4K. But conceivably they could take a 4K DCP and extract the two half-pixel-offset 2K images from it in real time, thus achieving a slightly higher resolution than 2K. That is, if the physical alignment of the projectors could ever be made that perfect.

If they’re not doing that, why are the specially prepared, IMAX-branded DCP’s 4K instead of 2K? (Or at least M:I4 is.)

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Jonathan Goeldner
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 - posted 02-01-2012 10:58 AM      Profile for Jonathan Goeldner   Email Jonathan Goeldner   Send New Private Message       Edit/Delete Post 
isn't the plan though for the 15/70 IMAX theater conversions the new dual projector setup would be 4K

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Carsten Kurz
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 - posted 02-01-2012 05:55 PM      Profile for Carsten Kurz   Email Carsten Kurz   Send New Private Message       Edit/Delete Post 
quote: Antti Nayha
If they’re not doing that, why are the specially prepared, IMAX-branded DCP’s 4K instead of 2K? (Or at least M:I4 is.)
What tells you that they get special IMAX 4k DCPs? Also I don't think that this kind of in-line processing is allowed - the content is encrypted.

Yes, I guess that the future generation of digital IMAX will have 4k, maybe dual 4k projectors. However, for the largest screens it seems that even the brightest xenon projectors currently available wouldn't give sufficient light for 3D. That's why IMAX invested so much into laser projection technology. Because this seems better suited to scaling brightness for the largest screens.

Anyway - MI4 is available in IMAX DMR on film, so why bother about 2*2k...

- Carsten

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Antti Nayha
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 - posted 02-01-2012 06:47 PM      Profile for Antti Nayha   Email Antti Nayha   Send New Private Message       Edit/Delete Post 
quote: Carsten Kurz
What tells you that they get special IMAX 4k DCPs?
Well, I saw one. [Smile] Of course, they could simply be future-proofing their stuff for an upcoming 4K system.
quote: Carsten Kurz
Anyway - MI4 is available in IMAX DMR on film, so why bother about 2*2k...
No real reason at all, just curious. As I said, there are all kinds of rumors floating around.

It’s been announced that IMAX and Kodak are going to roll out their laser system already in 2013 (no word yet about the resolution, but 4K would seem most likely indeed). Barco, on the other hand, estimates that it will take another 3–5 years before their offering is ready to market. Naturally, they claim that it’s technically superior.

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Jonathan Althaus
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 - posted 02-02-2012 09:09 AM      Profile for Jonathan Althaus   Email Jonathan Althaus   Send New Private Message       Edit/Delete Post 
Kodak-40,000 Lumens
Current Barco 4k-43,000 Lumens
Barco Laser-55,000 Lumens

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Jonathan Goeldner
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 - posted 02-02-2012 10:47 AM      Profile for Jonathan Goeldner   Email Jonathan Goeldner   Send New Private Message       Edit/Delete Post 
^ interesting

I saw 'Underworld Awakening' on the XD screen and the brightness of the Barco projector was excellent, given that it is a darkly lit movie anyways. Comparing it to the ETX Christie dual projector system over at AMC Tysons, the XD trounces it by a mile. every.. single.. time.

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Elise Brandt
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 - posted 02-02-2012 11:48 AM      Profile for Elise Brandt   Email Elise Brandt   Send New Private Message       Edit/Delete Post 
Nothing to add but: Antti!! Hey! Why the heck have I not seen you around here? *krhm* although number of posts would explain that yeah, but still. Yay!

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Carsten Kurz
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 - posted 02-04-2012 06:08 AM      Profile for Carsten Kurz   Email Carsten Kurz   Send New Private Message       Edit/Delete Post 
quote: Antti Nayha
Well, I saw one. Of course, they could simply be future-proofing their stuff for an upcoming 4K system.
Well I do not doubt you saw a 4k DCP. But what tells you it was a special IMAX 4k DCP?
I don't think they need to future-proof their systems for 4k. 4k DCPs are common for a couple of years now.

As for the 2*2k, digital IMAX has special projector mounts that can be electronically shifted. Add to that fully automated x/y/z lensshift and zoom on their lenses, so pixel-accurate adjustment is probably possible.

Yet wondering wether they still use 2k projectors for new installs.

- Carsten

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Antti Nayha
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 - posted 02-04-2012 01:34 PM      Profile for Antti Nayha   Email Antti Nayha   Send New Private Message       Edit/Delete Post 
The DCP I saw had ”IMAX” written all over it, also in the filename if I remember correctly. Might be able to check that tomorrow.

And aren’t all digi-IMAX DCP’s specially prepared anyway? Last time I checked, they were doing special image processing (maybe audio as well?) to their DCP’s, using the same ”DMR” brand as their blowups to true 15/70mm IMAX. Even though I don’t suppose they’re using the same master for both.

If IMAX already has a 4K system out, they’re certainly being tight-lipped about it.

PS. Hi Elise! I’ve been a long-time lurker here, but for whatever reason only started posting actively a month ago or so…

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Marcel Birgelen
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 - posted 02-28-2012 12:10 PM      Profile for Marcel Birgelen   Email Marcel Birgelen   Send New Private Message       Edit/Delete Post 
Sorry for bumping this topic, but I landed here because I had exactly the same question as the topic starter, after Googling a bit around, I got some conflicting information.

I recently watched the first two movies in a local digital IMAX (aka LieMAX): MI4 (2D) and Journey 2 (Stereo-3D). REAL 15/70 IMAX has almost become extinct around here, the only real IMAX theatres left witin about a 4 hours drive only show the standard documentaries they've been showing for ages.

I've noticed that all the preshow content was projected trough a single projector, the second projector only kicks in right before the first "look-how-fabulous-we-are" IMAX trailer.

First I thought they might be slicing up the image vertically or horizontally, but after looking back to the projector booth, I could clearly see two full images being reflected on the glass in front. Also, getting that right without a visible seam might be even harder than projecting two images on top of each other.

During the MI4 presentation, the auditorium was almost empty, so I took the opportunity to walk to the screen. The Screen-door effect is clearly visible close upfront and you can clearly see pixels in a grid that looks rectangular to me.

So it looks like they manage to project two images exactly over each other. I cannot say if they project EXACTLY the same image from both projectors, but at least it alligns perfectly on the screen as a single pixel grid.

I still don't know how they achieve this, or more specifically, how they maintain this level of calibration.

There is a camera mounted near the booth pointed at the screen, that looks like an ordinary security camera, it is not even pointed straight at the screen, but with an angle. I guess you could use that to match both pictures using some predetermined test patterns, but I highly doubt you could detect alignment mismatches during a running show, let alone correct them on the fly, without a decent test pattern on-screen.

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John Thomas
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 - posted 02-29-2012 03:00 AM      Profile for John Thomas   Email John Thomas   Send New Private Message       Edit/Delete Post 
I know there are different series of D-IMAX setups, so I can only describe the one I work with:

It's aligned (ideally) every morning. The projectors take about a half hour to warm up the lamps (which stay on all day), and then with the auditorium pitch-black it fires test patterns back and forth to get the pictures aligned as well as the luminance as close as possible between the two projectors. This is what the camera is for.

What's being calibrated is what IMAX calls the "Image Enhancer," or IE. From what I can tell, it warps the two images ever so slightly so that they do in fact overlap perfectly once they're fired at the screen. Ours has two nVidia Quadro FX 4800's achieving this. Not sure what other hardware is involved with the IE.

This calibration is particularly important because changing lamps requires you to physically wheel one of the projectors out of the way in order to get your hands into the other one.

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Marco Giustini
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 - posted 12-09-2012 01:58 PM      Profile for Marco Giustini   Email Marco Giustini   Send New Private Message       Edit/Delete Post 
That explains the experience I had today.
I saw my first Digital Imax, Skyfall.
From the middle of the auditorium I could clearly see the pixels and jagged borders. I thought the projectors were two 4K machines overlapping 100%, I did not realise they are actually 2x2K machines.
This is ridiculous; I now see why you call it LieMax. Outrageous, I am not going to pay £17 again to watch a grid of pixels on a big screen. I really wonder how come IMAX has decided that this is acceptable.

Edit: now I'm thinking about, the setup you're suggesting should result in a 4K picture - ish. I am confused. Am I supposed to see pixels and jaggies from the middle of the auditorium???

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Jonathan Goeldner
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 - posted 12-09-2012 02:09 PM      Profile for Jonathan Goeldner   Email Jonathan Goeldner   Send New Private Message       Edit/Delete Post 
quote: Marco Giustini
That explains the experience I had today.
I saw my first Digital Imax, Skyfall.
From the middle of the auditorium I could clearly see the pixels and jagged borders. I thought the projectors were two 4K machines overlapping 100%, I did not realise they are actually 2x2K machines.
This is ridiculous; I now see why you call it LieMax. Outrageous, I am not going to pay £17 again to watch a grid of pixels on a big screen. I really wonder how come IMAX has decided that this is acceptable.

Edit: now I'm thinking about, the setup you're suggesting should result in a 4K picture - ish. I am confused. Am I supposed to see pixels and jaggies from the middle of the auditorium???

I remember asking the IMAX rep at the opening of the AMC Hoffman IMAX-D screen about the resolution and when he told me it was only two 2K projectors' - that really surprised me. Guess this will change for the better if and when the laser technology comes out at the end of next year.

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